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@Inproceedings { 2022_pennekamp_cumul,
   title = {CUMUL \& Co: High-Impact Artifacts for Website Fingerprinting Research},
   year = {2022},
   month = {12},
   day = {8},
   number = {RWTH-2022-10811},
   abstract = {Anonymous communication on the Internet is about hiding the relationship between communicating parties. At NDSS '16, we presented a new website fingerprinting approach, CUMUL, that utilizes novel features and a simple yet powerful algorithm to attack anonymization networks such as Tor. Based on pattern observation of data flows, this attack aims at identifying the content of encrypted and anonymized connections. Apart from the feature generation and the used classifier, we also provided a large dataset to the research community to study the attack at Internet scale. In this paper, we emphasize the impact of our artifacts by analyzing publications referring to our work with respect to the dataset, feature extraction method, and source code of the implementation. Based on this data, we draw conclusions about the impact of our artifacts on the research field and discuss their influence on related cybersecurity topics. Overall, from 393 unique citations, we discover more than 130 academic references that utilize our artifacts, 61 among them are highly influential (according to SemanticScholar), and at least 35 are from top-ranked security venues. This data underlines the significant relevance and impact of our work as well as of our artifacts in the community and beyond.},
   url = {https://www.comsys.rwth-aachen.de/fileadmin/papers/2022/2022-pennekamp-cumul-artifacts.pdf},
   web_url = {https://www.acsac.org/2022/program/artifacts_competition/},
   publisher = {ACSA},
   booktitle = {Cybersecurity Artifacts Competition and Impact Award at 38th Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (ACSAC '22), December 5-9, 2022, Austin, TX, USA},
   event_place = {Austin, TX, USA},
   event_name = {38th Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (ACSAC '22)},
   event_date = {December 5-9, 2022},
   DOI = {10.18154/RWTH-2022-10811},
   reviewed = {1},
   author = {Pennekamp, Jan and Henze, Martin and Zinnen, Andreas and Lanze, Fabian and Wehrle, Klaus and Panchenko, Andriy}
}

@Inproceedings { 2016-panchenko-ndss-fingerprinting,
   title = {Website Fingerprinting at Internet Scale},
   year = {2016},
   month = {2},
   day = {21},
   abstract = {The website fingerprinting attack aims to identify the content (i.e., a webpage accessed by a client) of encrypted and anonymized connections by observing patterns of data flows such as packet size and direction. This attack can be performed by a local passive eavesdropper – one of the weakest adversaries in the attacker model of anonymization networks such as Tor. In this paper, we present a novel website fingerprinting attack. Based on a simple and comprehensible idea, our approach outperforms all state-of-the-art methods in terms of classification accuracy while being computationally dramatically more efficient. In order to evaluate the severity of the website fingerprinting attack in reality, we collected the most representative dataset that has ever been built, where we avoid simplified assumptions made in the related work regarding selection and type of webpages and the size of the universe. Using this data, we explore the practical limits of website fingerprinting at Internet scale. Although our novel approach is by orders of magnitude computationally more efficient and superior in terms of detection accuracy, for the first time we show that no existing method – including our own – scales when applied in realistic settings. With our analysis, we explore neglected aspects of the attack and investigate the realistic probability of success for different strategies a real-world adversary may follow.},
   url = {https://www.comsys.rwth-aachen.de/fileadmin/papers/2016/2016-panchenko-ndss-fingerprinting.pdf},
   web_url = {https://www.informatik.tu-cottbus.de/\verb=~=andriy/zwiebelfreunde/},
   publisher = {Internet Society},
   booktitle = {Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Network and Distributed System Security Symposium (NDSS '16), February 21-24, 2016, San Diego, CA, USA},
   event_place = {San Diego, CA, USA},
   event_date = {February 21-24, 2016},
   ISBN = {978-1-891562-41-9},
   DOI = {10.14722/ndss.2016.23477},
   reviewed = {1},
   author = {Panchenko, Andriy and Lanze, Fabian and Zinnen, Andreas and Henze, Martin and Pennekamp, Jan and Wehrle, Klaus and Engel, Thomas}
}