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% Creation date: 2024-05-07
% Creation time: 11-13-23
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@Article { Jakobs_2023_3,
   title = {Preserving the Royalty-Free Standards Ecosystem},
   journal = {European Intellectual Property Review},
   year = {2023},
   month = {7},
   volume = {45},
   number = {7},
   pages = {371-375},
   abstract = {It has long been recognized in Europe and elsewhere that standards-development organizations (SDOs) may adopt policies that require their participants to license patents essential to the SDO’s standards (standards-essential patents or SEPs) to manufacturers of standardized products (“implementers”) on a royalty-free (RF) basis. This requirement contrasts with SDO policies that permit SEP holders to charge implementers monetary patent royalties, sometimes on terms that are specified as “fair, reasonable and nondiscriminatory” (FRAND). As demonstrated by two decades of intensive litigation around the world, FRAND royalties have given rise to intractable disputes regarding the manner in which such royalties should be calculated and adjudicated. In contrast, standards distributed on an RF basis are comparatively free from litigation and the attendant transaction costs. Accordingly, numerous SDOs around the world have adopted RF licensing policies and many widely adopted standards, including Bluetooth, USB, IPv6, HTTP, HTML and XML, are distributed on an RF basis. This note briefly discusses the commercial considerations surrounding RF standards, the relationship between RF standards and open source software (OSS) and the SDO policy mechanisms – including “universal reciprocity” -- that enable RF licensing to succeed in the marketplace.},
   ISSN = {0142-0461},
   DOI = {10.2139/ssrn.4235647},
   reviewed = {1},
   author = {Contreras, Jorge and Bekkers, Rudi and Biddle, Brad and Bonadio, Enrico and Carrier, Michael A. and Chao, Bernard and Duan, Charles and Gilbert, Richard and Henkel, Joachim and Hovenkamp, Erik and Husovec, Martin and Jakobs, Kai and Kim, Dong-hyu and Lemley, Mark A. and Love, Brian J. and McDonagh, Luke and Scott Morton, Fiona M. and Schultz, Jason and Simcoe, Timothy and Urban, Jennifer M. and Xiang, Joy Y}
}

@Book { Jakobs_2023_2,
   title = {(Responsible) Standardisation for Smart Systems. Joint Proc. 27th EURAS Annual Standardisation Conference \& 12th International Conference on Standardisation and Innovation in Information Technology (SIIT).},
   year = {2023},
   month = {7},
   volume = {18},
   editor = {Jakobs, Kai},
   publisher = {Mainz Publishers},
   series = {EURAS contributions to standardisation research},
   ISBN = {9783958864917},
   reviewed = {1},
   author = {Jakobs, Kai}
}

@Book { Jakobs_2023_1,
   title = {ICT Standardisation Management - A multidimensional perspective on company participation in standardisation committees},
   year = {2023},
   month = {5},
   publisher = {Rotterdam School of Management},
   series = {RSM PhD Series ‘Research in Management’},
   ISBN = {978-90-5892-667-8},
   reviewed = {1},
   author = {Jakobs, Kai}
}

@Article { Jakobs_2023_4,
   title = {The Evolution of Telecom Business, Economy, Policies and Regulations},
   journal = {IEEE Communications Magazine},
   year = {2023},
   volume = {61},
   number = {7},
   pages = {16-17},
   abstract = {From the late 1970s onward, the global telecommunication industry has gone through several waves of regulatory and technological changes. Today, the very definition of telecommunication has changed. First, the traffic is no longer confined to voice and/or limited data services. Second, the boundary line between telecommunication and information sectors is increasingly blurred. Third, the parties that offer products and services for consumers, businesses and industrial users operate under different regulatory regimes, ranging from strict regulations to no regulations at all. Fourth, the merging of the physical and virtual worlds through immersive technologies opens new social, cultural and business dimensions. Finally, the post-covid environment has opened unprecedented avenues for virtual workplaces (E-work).},
   DOI = {10.1109/MCOM.2023.10192269},
   author = {Ibarrola, Eva and Jakobs, Kai and Sherif, Mostafa Hashem and Sparrell, Duncan}
}

@Article { Jakobs_2023_5,
   title = {Today’s Situation and Some Future Problems},
   journal = {Standardization: Journal of Research and Innovation},
   year = {2023},
   volume = {2},
   number = {4},
   pages = {16-26},
   DOI = {10.58831/2831-7920-2.4.16},
   author = {Jakobs, Kai}
}