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@Article { 2024_pennekamp_supply-chain-sensing,
   title = {Securing Sensing in Supply Chains: Opportunities, Building Blocks, and Designs},
   journal = {IEEE Access},
   year = {2024},
   month = {1},
   day = {8},
   volume = {12},
   pages = {9350-9368},
   abstract = {Supply chains increasingly develop toward complex networks, both technically in terms of devices and connectivity, and also anthropogenic with a growing number of actors. The lack of mutual trust in such networks results in challenges that are exacerbated by stringent requirements for shipping conditions or quality, and where actors may attempt to reduce costs or cover up incidents. In this paper, we develop and comprehensively study four scenarios that eventually lead to end-to-end-secured sensing in complex IoT-based supply chains with many mutually distrusting actors, while highlighting relevant pitfalls and challenges—details that are still missing in related work. Our designs ensure that sensed data is securely transmitted and stored, and can be verified by all parties. To prove practical feasibility, we evaluate the most elaborate design with regard to performance, cost, deployment, and also trust implications on the basis of prevalent (mis)use cases. Our work enables a notion of secure end-to-end sensing with minimal trust across the system stack, even for complex and opaque supply chain networks.},
   keywords = {blockchain technology; reliability; security; trust management; trusted computing; trusted execution environments},
   tags = {internet-of-production},
   url = {https://www.comsys.rwth-aachen.de/fileadmin/papers/2024/2024-pennekamp-secure-sensing.pdf},
   ISSN = {2169-3536},
   DOI = {10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3350778},
   reviewed = {1},
   author = {Pennekamp, Jan and Alder, Fritz and Bader, Lennart and Scopelliti, Gianluca and Wehrle, Klaus and M{\"u}hlberg, Jan Tobias}
}

@Inproceedings { 2020_pennekamp_supply_chain_sensing,
   title = {Secure End-to-End Sensing in Supply Chains},
   year = {2020},
   month = {7},
   day = {1},
   abstract = {Trust along digitalized supply chains is challenged by the aspect that monitoring equipment may not be trustworthy or unreliable as respective measurements originate from potentially untrusted parties. To allow for dynamic relationships along supply chains, we propose a blockchain-backed supply chain monitoring architecture relying on trusted hardware. Our design provides a notion of secure end-to-end sensing of interactions even when originating from untrusted surroundings. Due to attested checkpointing, we can identify misinformation early on and reliably pinpoint the origin. A blockchain enables long-term verifiability for all (now trustworthy) IoT data within our system even if issues are detected only after the fact. Our feasibility study and cost analysis further show that our design is indeed deployable in and applicable to today's supply chain settings.},
   keywords = {supply chain; trusted computing; trusted execution; blockchain; Internet of Production; condition monitoring},
   tags = {internet-of-production},
   url = {https://comsys.rwth-aachen.de/fileadmin/papers/2020/2020-pennekamp-supply-chain-sensing.pdf},
   publisher = {IEEE},
   booktitle = {Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Cyber-Physical Systems Security (CPS-Sec '20), co-located with the 8th IEEE Conference on Communications and Network Security (CNS '20), June 29-July 1, 2020, Avignon, France},
   event_place = {Avignon, France},
   event_date = {June 29-July 1, 2020},
   ISBN = {978-1-7281-4760-4},
   DOI = {10.1109/CNS48642.2020.9162337},
   reviewed = {1},
   author = {Pennekamp, Jan and Alder, Fritz and Matzutt, Roman and M{\"u}hlberg, Jan Tobias and Piessens, Frank and Wehrle, Klaus}
}